Improving Care for Children with Serious Illnesses
Fact: Children with serious illnesses suffer from a broken and inefficient healthcare system.
Fact: Most children living with life-threatening conditions who need hospice and palliative care support do not get it, resulting in avoidable and unnecessary pain and suffering.
Fact: The federal hospice eligibility regulations do not work when applied to children. It is inhumane to ask a parent to give up on curing their child’s disease or prolonging their life in order to get the pain management and family support offered by hospice and palliative care teams.
Fact: The Children’s Hospice and Palliative Care Coalition, an inspired group of parents, clinicians, institutions, policy makers and concerned citizens from throughout California, have gathered together on behalf of those too little or too sick to speak for themselves, creating a new comprehensive hospice and palliative care benefit for children with life-threatening conditions.
The benefit has two important components:
- State- Plan Palliative Care Services described in the California Children’s Services (CCS) numbered letter. These services are now available in all California counties.
- Federal Hospice Eligibility Waiver – waives hospice eligibility for children and adds additional services to the already existing State-Plan Palliative Care services described in the numbered letter. Availability of waiver services will roll out over a three-year period in the following counties:
2009 in Santa Cruz, Monterey, San Diego, Alameda and Santa Clara.
2010, six additional counties will be added: Humboldt, Marin, Orange, Sacramento, San Francisco and Sonoma
In 2011, Fresno County and Los Angeles County will be added.
Goal: State-wide after three-year pilot period.
Background:
Children’s Hospice and Palliative Care Coalition was founded in response to a healthcare crisis for children living with life-threatening conditions. Because the federal hospice eligibility requirements were designed to meet the needs of adult patients, children were left without adequate pain management and their families did not have support from a healthcare team while caring for their children at home.
When applied to children, the hospice eligibility rules don’t work – no parent should have to 1) Accept or agree with their child’s doctor that their child will likely die within six months or 2) give up treatment intended to cure the child’s disease or prolong their child’s life. We at CHPCC believe that it is inhumane to ask a parent to make that choice in order to access the expert pain management and family support offered by hospice or palliative care teams.
In 2001, Children’s Hospice and Palliative Care Coalition began working with California Children’s Services (CCS) and the California State Department of Health Care Services (DHCS) to open access to hospice and palliative care services specific for children. After a great deal of time, energy and research, we have collaborated with DHCS to create a two-part comprehensive pediatric palliative care benefit for children: CCS Numbered Letter and Hospice Eligibility Waiver.
CCS Numbered Letter:
We discovered that there were already many palliative care services available to children through the California Children’s Services program. However, these services were difficult to find and authorize because they were not classified nor were they organized as “palliative care.” In order to ensure that all children with life-threatening conditions had access to these services, CCS issued the “Pediatric Palliative Care Numbered Letter.” This numbered letter and list of services and codes confirmed the need for these services by defining them as palliative. It did not, however, address access to hospice teams.
In 2005, it was agreed that in order to truly open access to children needing hospice and palliative care services, hospice providers must be allowed to provide care to children without the limitations of the federal requirements for eligibility. A waiver of those regulations was deemed necessary to compliment the palliative care services already available through the state plan (numbered letter).
Hospice Eligibility Waiver
What is the waiver?
The waiver is a MediCal CCS demonstration project that will enable children with life-limiting illnesses to receive curative treatment as well as home-based palliative care services similar to those that are provided by hospice agencies. The program will be open to children who meet medical diagnosis criteria and have MediCal coverage. It is anticipated that Alameda, Santa Cruz, Monterey, Santa Clara and San Diego Counties will be able to begin enrolling children in January of 2009. In 2010, six additional counties will be added: Humboldt, Marin, Orange, Sacramento, San Francisco and Sonoma. In 2011, Fresno County and Los Angeles County will be added. Goal: State-wide after three-year pilot period.
Why palliative care?
Palliative care aims to enhance quality of life and minimize suffering through interdisciplinary services and interventions. Ideally, this care is provided by the same care team from the time of diagnosis onward. Patients who receive palliative care often experience increased continuity of care, less crises, and a decrease in both hospital admissions and length of hospital stays.
Why the waiver?
Currently, home-based palliative care is only accessible by most pediatric patients through the hospice benefit. The requirements of the current hospice benefit present significant obstacles that prevent many families and children from receiving palliative care. The waiver will be an opportunity for provision of in-home palliative services to children who are still receiving curative or disease-modifying therapies from a traditional pediatric healthcare provider.
How do I refer a patient?
Any physician can refer a patient for the waiver. The referral will be given to a CCS Nurse Liaison (CCSNL) who will help to determine if the child is eligible to receive waiver services. The CCSNL will then refer appropriate patients to the Care Coordinator who will be based at the community-based hospice or home-health agency.
What services might the patient receive?
The patient will be assigned to a Care Coordinator who will do an in-home palliative care assessment. The coordinator will assess the patient’s and family’s goals of care. With input from the child’s health care team the care coordinator will create a family centered action plan which will be shared with both CCS and the child’s entire health care team. The waiver WILL NOT change any of the services that the patient is receiving at the time of referral and will provide additional services which may include respite care, expressive therapies (art, music), family training and bereavement services.